
Covalent binding of an ONTO® species with a single 'Activated Head' and a 'Functional Tail' to a substrate.
The resulting thin layer is typically 2-3 molecules deep. Covalent binding occurs between the lowest ONTO® species and the substrate. The upper ONTO® species then co-covalently bind with the ONTO® species directly below them.
For example applications see: Anti-tarnishing of silver and Tailored Wetting Properties

Small multi-'Activated Head' compounds mixed with 'Functional Tail' polymers are deposited onto a substrate and then cured to create a covalently fused polymer network across the substrate.
For example applications see: Universal Adhesion primers

Polymers that contain 'Activated Head' functionality along the polymer back bone are deposited onto a substrate and cured to create a fused polymer network across the substrate.
For example applications see: Direct Adhesion with High Mechanical Strength and Flexibility.
'Activated Head' functional polymers are used to surface modify particles. The polymer functionality is chosen to aid deposition of the particles to a substrate in flow/dispersion conditions.

Curing of polymers to particles is carried out as an aqueous suspension of particles and polymer.
For example applications see: Controlled Particle Delivery - fluorescent particles.
Particles can be modified for improved dispersion with this route or with molecular thin layers.
Porous nanoparticles are delivered to a substrate and then fused to give a layer with controlled thickness (nm) and surface texture. The chemistry/process used to fuse the layer together and to bind to the substrate can use either ONTO® chemistry or another proprietary process developed by Oxford Advanced Surfaces.

The ONTO® species can be used in combination with this nanoparticle layer to introduce new functionality at the surface.

For example applications see: Anti-reflective and transmissive optical coatings